If a patient is not breathing, what must be done first in a non-tactical situation?

In a non-tactical situation where a patient is not breathing, the first step is to open the airway. This action is crucial because airway obstruction is a common cause of respiratory failure. By ensuring the airway is clear, you create the best possible conditions for oxygen to enter the lungs. Once the airway is secured, other assessments can follow, such as checking for pulse or initiating rescue breaths if needed.

Opening the airway is often performed using techniques like the head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver or the jaw-thrust maneuver, which help to remove any possible obstructions from the airway. It’s important to prioritize this step because without a patent airway, efforts to provide rescue breaths or perform CPR would be futile, as oxygen cannot reach the lungs effectively.

In the context of the other options, while checking for a pulse and calling for help are important, they should follow immediately after ensuring that the airway is clear. Performing chest compressions may be necessary if there is also no pulse, but again, the airway must be addressed first to facilitate effective resuscitation efforts.